Merge pull request #836 from MrTiz9/dev

nDPI now detects RCE injections in HTTP requests

3 files changed, 739 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/src/include/ndpi_typedefs.h b/src/include/ndpi_typedefs.h
index d2bcfcd81..c20352e90 100644
--- a/src/include/ndpi_typedefs.h
+++ b/src/include/ndpi_typedefs.h
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ typedef enum {
 typedef enum {
   ndpi_url_no_problem = 0,
   ndpi_url_possible_xss,
-  ndpi_url_possible_sql_injection
+  ndpi_url_possible_sql_injection,
+  ndpi_url_possible_rce_injection
 } ndpi_url_risk;
 
 /* NDPI_VISIT */
@@ -1002,6 +1003,15 @@ struct hs {
 };
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_PCRE
+#include <pcre.h>
+
+struct pcre_struct {
+  pcre *compiled;
+  pcre_extra *optimized;
+};
+#endif
+
 struct ndpi_detection_module_struct {
   NDPI_PROTOCOL_BITMASK detection_bitmask;
   NDPI_PROTOCOL_BITMASK generic_http_packet_bitmask;
diff --git a/src/lib/ndpi_utils.c b/src/lib/ndpi_utils.c
index 41447bc7b..99571b2c6 100644
--- a/src/lib/ndpi_utils.c
+++ b/src/lib/ndpi_utils.c
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 #include "third_party/include/libinjection.h"
 #include "third_party/include/libinjection_sqli.h"
 #include "third_party/include/libinjection_xss.h"
+#include "third_party/include/rce_injection.h"
 
 #define NDPI_CONST_GENERIC_PROTOCOL_NAME  "GenericProtocol"
 
@@ -1213,6 +1214,111 @@ static int ndpi_is_xss_injection(char* query) {
 
 /* ********************************** */
 
+#ifdef HAVE_PCRE
+
+static void ndpi_compile_rce_regex() {
+  const char *pcreErrorStr;
+  int pcreErrorOffset;
+
+  for(int i = 0; i < N_RCE_REGEX; i++) {
+    comp_rx[i] = (struct pcre_struct*)ndpi_malloc(sizeof(struct pcre_struct));
+
+    comp_rx[i]->compiled = pcre_compile(rce_regex[i], 0, &pcreErrorStr,
+                                        &pcreErrorOffset, NULL);
+
+    if(comp_rx[i]->compiled == NULL) {
+      #ifdef DEBUG
+      NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Could not compile '%s': %s\n", rce_regex[i],
+                   pcreErrorStr);
+      #endif
+
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    comp_rx[i]->optimized = pcre_study(comp_rx[i]->compiled, 0, &pcreErrorStr);
+
+    #ifdef DEBUG
+    if(pcreErrorStr != NULL) {
+      NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Could not study '%s': %s\n", rce_regex[i],
+                   pcreErrorStr);
+    }
+    #endif
+  }
+
+  free((void *)pcreErrorStr);
+}
+
+static int ndpi_is_rce_injection(char* query) {
+  if (!initialized_comp_rx) {
+    ndpi_compile_rce_regex();
+    initialized_comp_rx = 1;
+  }
+
+  int pcreExecRet;
+  int subStrVec[30];
+
+  for(int i = 0; i < N_RCE_REGEX; i++) {
+    unsigned int length = strlen(query);
+
+    pcreExecRet = pcre_exec(comp_rx[i]->compiled,
+                            comp_rx[i]->optimized,
+                            query, length, 0, 0, subStrVec, 30);
+
+    if (pcreExecRet >= 0) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+    #ifdef DEBUG
+    else {
+      switch(pcreExecRet) {
+        case PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: String did not match the pattern\n");
+          break;
+        case PCRE_ERROR_NULL:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Something was null\n");
+          break;
+        case PCRE_ERROR_BADOPTION:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: A bad option was passed\n");
+          break;
+        case PCRE_ERROR_BADMAGIC:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Magic number bad (compiled re corrupt?)\n");
+          break;
+        case PCRE_ERROR_UNKNOWN_NODE:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Something kooky in the compiled re\n");
+          break;
+        case PCRE_ERROR_NOMEMORY:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Ran out of memory\n");
+          break;
+        default:
+          NDPI_LOG_ERR(ndpi_str, "ERROR: Unknown error\n");
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+    #endif
+  }
+
+  size_t ushlen = sizeof(ush_commands) / sizeof(ush_commands[0]);
+
+  for(int i = 0; i < ushlen; i++) {
+    if(strstr(query, ush_commands[i]) != NULL) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  size_t pwshlen = sizeof(pwsh_commands) / sizeof(pwsh_commands[0]);
+
+  for(int i = 0; i < pwshlen; i++) {
+    if(strstr(query, pwsh_commands[i]) != NULL) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/* ********************************** */
+
 ndpi_url_risk ndpi_validate_url(char *url) {
   char *orig_str = NULL, *str = NULL, *question_mark = strchr(url, '?');
   ndpi_url_risk rc = ndpi_url_no_problem;
@@ -1248,6 +1354,10 @@ ndpi_url_risk ndpi_validate_url(char *url) {
 	    rc = ndpi_url_possible_xss;
 	  else if(ndpi_is_sql_injection(decoded))
 	    rc = ndpi_url_possible_sql_injection;
+#ifdef HAVE_PCRE
+	  else if(ndpi_is_rce_injection(decoded))
+	    rc = ndpi_url_possible_rce_injection;
+#endif
 
 #ifdef URL_CHECK_DEBUG
 	  printf("=>> [rc: %u] %s\n", rc, decoded);
diff --git a/src/lib/third_party/include/rce_injection.h b/src/lib/third_party/include/rce_injection.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..326edac89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/third_party/include/rce_injection.h
@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+#ifdef HAVE_PCRE
+
+#ifndef NDPI_RCE_H
+#define NDPI_RCE_H
+
+#endif //NDPI_RCE_H
+
+#define N_RCE_REGEX 7
+
+/* Compiled regex */
+static struct pcre_struct *comp_rx[N_RCE_REGEX];
+
+static unsigned int initialized_comp_rx = 0;
+
+static const char *rce_regex[N_RCE_REGEX] = {
+/**
+ * https://github.com/SpiderLabs/owasp-modsecurity-crs/blob/v3.3/dev/rules/REQUEST-932-APPLICATION-ATTACK-RCE.conf
+ */
+
+/**
+ * [ Unix command injection ]
+ *
+ * This regex detects Unix command injections.
+ * A command injection takes a form such as:
+ *
+ *   foo.jpg;uname -a
+ *   foo.jpg||uname -a
+ *
+ * The vulnerability exists when an application executes a shell command
+ * without proper input escaping/validation.
+ *
+ * This regex is also triggered by an Oracle WebLogic Remote Command Execution exploit: [ Oracle WebLogic vulnerability CVE-2017-10271 - Exploit tested: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43458 ]
+ *
+ * To prevent false positives, we look for a 'starting sequence' that
+ * precedes a command in shell syntax, such as: ; | & $( ` <( >(
+ * Anatomy of the regexp with examples of patterns caught:
+ *
+ * 1. Starting tokens
+ *
+ * ;        ;ifconfig
+ * \{       {ifconfig}
+ * \|       |ifconfig
+ * \|\|     ||ifconfig
+ * &        &ifconfig
+ * &&       &&ifconfig
+ * \n       ;\nifconfig
+ * \r       ;\rifconfig
+ * \$\(     $(ifconfig)
+ * $\(\(    $((ifconfig))
+ * `        `ifconfig`
+ * \${      ${ifconfig}
+ * <\(      <( ifconfig )
+ * >\(      >( ifconfig )
+ * \(\s*\)  a() ( ifconfig; ); a
+ *
+ * 2. Command prefixes
+ *
+ * {        { ifconfig }
+ * \s*\(\s* ( ifconfig )
+ * \w+=(?:[^\s]*|\$.*|\$.*|<.*|>.*|\'.*\'|\".*\")\s+   VARNAME=xyz ifconfig
+ * !\s*     ! ifconfig
+ * \$       $ifconfig
+ *
+ * 3. Quoting
+ *
+ * '        'ifconfig'
+ * \"       "ifconfig"
+ *
+ * 4. Paths
+ *
+ * [\?\*\[\]\(\)\-\|+\w'\"\./\\\\]+/   /sbin/ifconfig, /s?in/./ifconfig, /s[a-b]in/ifconfig etc.
+ *
+ * This regex is case-sensitive to prevent FP ("Cat" vs. "cat").
+ *
+ * An effort was made to combat evasions by shell quoting (e.g. 'ls',
+ * 'l'"s", \l\s are all valid).
+ *
+ * This is the base regex to prevent Unix Command Injection
+ */
+
+  "(?:;|\\{|\\||\\|\\||&|&&|\\n|\\r|\\$\\(|\\$\\(\\(|`|\\${|<\\(|>\\(|\\(\\s*\\))\\s*(?:{|\\s*\\(\\s*|\\w+=(?:[^\\s]*|\\$.*|\\$.*|<.*|>.*|\\'.*\\'|\\\".*\\\")\\s+|!\\s*|\\$)*\\s*(?:'|\\\")*(?:[\\?\\*\\[\\]\\(\\)\\-\\|+\\w'\\\"\\./\\\\\\\\]+/)?[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:w[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*-[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*w[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d|u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p)|r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*q[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r)|s(?:[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:b[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*_[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*u|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d|p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i|u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*b|-[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*F|h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*w|o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f))?|z[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:(?:[ef][\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*)?g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p)|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e|a)|d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f|l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s)|e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:(?:f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l|p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e|e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o|(?:\\s|<|>).*)|a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*g(?:[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n)?|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*m|(?:\\s|<|>).*)|o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e|l)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e)|d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*g|d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*)|f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p(?:[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t)?|(?:[np]|y[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*x)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*)|b[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:z[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:(?:[ef][\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*)?g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p|d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f|l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*2)|s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f|t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r)|a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h)|r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*k[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*w|u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n)|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c)|h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s|a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r|m[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d)|r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*b|(?:[cp]|a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*l|s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h)|f[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:i(?:[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:l[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|(?:\\s|<|>).*)|n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*))?|t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*s|w[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o|(?:\\s|<|>).*)|u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n|(?:e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h|c)[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h|g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p)|e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:v(?:[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*-[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*u[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e)?|d[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:i[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*f|s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*w))|x[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:p[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*n[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*d|o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*t|r)|e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*)|c[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*h[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*o[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*(?:\\s|<|>).*|g[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*r[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*e[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*p|s[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*a[\\\\\\\\'\\\"]*c|v[\\\\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+
+  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+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Windows command injection ]
+ *
+ * This regex detects Windows shell command injections.
+ *
+ * A command injection takes a form such as:
+ *
+ *   foo.jpg&ver /r
+ *   foo.jpg|ver /r
+ *
+ * The vulnerability exists when an application executes a shell command
+ * without proper input escaping/validation.
+ *
+ * To prevent false positives, we look for a 'starting sequence' that
+ * precedes a command in CMD syntax, such as: ; | & `
+ *
+ * Anatomy of the regexp:
+ *
+ * 1. Starting tokens
+ *
+ * ;        ;cmd
+ * \{       {cmd
+ * \|       |cmd
+ * \|\|     ||cmd
+ * &        &cmd
+ * &&       &&cmd
+ * \n       \ncmd
+ * \r       \rcmd
+ * `        `cmd
+ *
+ * 2. Command prefixes
+ *
+ * (        (cmd)
+ * ,        ,cmd
+ * @        @cmd
+ * '        'cmd'
+ * "        "cmd"
+ * \s       spacing+cmd
+ *
+ * 3. Paths
+ *
+ * [\w'\"\./]+/                          /path/cmd
+ * [\\\\'\"\^]*\w[\\\\'\"\^]*:.*\\\\     C:\Program Files\cmd
+ * [\^\.\w '\"/\\\\]*\\\\)?[\"\^]*       \\net\share\dir\cmd
+ *
+ * 4. Quoting
+ *
+ * \"       "cmd"
+ * \^       ^cmd
+ *
+ * 5. Extension/switches
+ *
+ * \.[\"\^]*\w+      cmd.com, cmd.exe, etc.
+ * /b                cmd/h
+ *
+ * An effort is made to combat evasions by CMD syntax; for example,
+ * the following strings are valid: c^md, @cmd, "c"md.
+ *
+ * This regex is case-insensitive.
+ */
+
+  "(?i)(?:;|\\{|\\||\\|\\||&|&&|\\n|\\r|`)\\s*[\\(,@\\'\\\"\\s]*(?:[\\w'\\\"\\./]+/|[\\\\\\\\'\\\"\\^]*\\w[\\\\\\\\'\\\"\\^]*:.*\\\\\\\\|[\\^\\.\\w 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+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ *This regex is also triggered by an Oracle WebLogic Remote Command Execution exploit:
+ *[ Oracle WebLogic vulnerability CVE-2017-10271 - Exploit tested: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43458 ]
+ */
+
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+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Unix shell expressions ]
+ *
+ * Detects the following patterns which are common in Unix shell scripts
+ * and oneliners:
+ *
+ * $(foo)    Command substitution
+ * ${foo}    Parameter expansion
+ * <(foo)    Process substitution
+ * >(foo)    Process substitution
+ * $((foo))  Arithmetic expansion
+ */
+
+  "(?:\\$(?:\\((?:\\(.*\\)|.*)\\)|\\{.*\\})|[<>]\\(.*\\))",
+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Windows FOR, IF commands ]
+ *
+ * This regex detects Windows command shell FOR and IF commands.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ *   FOR              %a IN (set) DO
+ *   FOR /D           %a IN (dirs) DO
+ *   FOR /F "options" %a IN (text|"text") DO
+ *   FOR /L           %a IN (start,step,end) DO
+ *   FOR /R C:\dir    %A IN (set) DO
+ *
+ *   IF [/I] [NOT] EXIST filename | DEFINED define | ERRORLEVEL n | CMDEXTVERSION n
+ *   IF [/I] [NOT] item1   [==|EQU|NEQ|LSS|LEQ|GTR|GEQ] item2
+ *   IF [/I] [NOT] (item1) [==|EQU|NEQ|LSS|LEQ|GTR|GEQ] (item2)
+ *
+ * http://ss64.com/nt/if.html
+ * http://ss64.com/nt/for.html
+ */
+
+  "\\b(?:if(?:/i)?(?: not)?(?: exist\\b| defined\\b| errorlevel\\b| cmdextversion\\b|(?: |\\().*(?:\\bgeq\\b|\\bequ\\b|\\bneq\\b|\\bleq\\b|\\bgtr\\b|\\blss\\b|==))|for(?:/[dflr].*)? %+[^ ]+ in\\(.*\\)\\s?do)",
+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Unix direct remote command execution ]
+ *
+ * Detects Unix commands at the start of a parameter (direct RCE).
+ * Example: foo=wget%20www.example.com
+ *
+ * This case is different from command injection, where a
+ * command string is appended (injected) to a regular parameter, and then
+ * passed to a shell unescaped.
+ *
+ * This regex is also triggered by an Oracle WebLogic Remote Command Execution exploit:
+ * [ Oracle WebLogic vulnerability CVE-2017-10271 - Exploit tested: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43458 ]
+ */
+
+  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+};
+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Unix shell snippets ]
+ *
+ * Detect some common sequences found in shell commands and scripts.
+ *
+ * This regex is also triggered by an Apache Struts Remote Code Execution exploit:
+ * [ Apache Struts vulnerability CVE-2017-9805 - Exploit tested: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42627 ]
+ *
+ * This regex is also triggered by an Oracle WebLogic Remote Command Execution exploit:
+ * [ Oracle WebLogic vulnerability CVE-2017-10271 - Exploit tested: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43458 ]
+ */
+
+static const char *ush_commands[] = {
+  "${CDPATH}",
+  "${DIRSTACK}",
+  "${HOME}",
+  "${HOSTNAME}",
+  "${IFS}",
+  "${OLDPWD}",
+  "${OSTYPE}",
+  "${PATH}",
+  "${PWD}",
+  "$CDPATH",
+  "$DIRSTACK",
+  "$HOME",
+  "$HOSTNAME",
+  "$IFS",
+  "$OLDPWD",
+  "$OSTYPE",
+  "$PATH",
+  "$PWD",
+  "bin/bash",
+  "bin/cat",
+  "bin/csh",
+  "bin/dash",
+  "bin/du",
+  "bin/echo",
+  "bin/grep",
+  "bin/less",
+  "bin/ls",
+  "bin/mknod",
+  "bin/more",
+  "bin/nc",
+  "bin/ps",
+  "bin/rbash",
+  "bin/sh",
+  "bin/sleep",
+  "bin/su",
+  "bin/tcsh",
+  "bin/uname",
+  "dev/fd/",
+  "dev/null",
+  "dev/stderr",
+  "dev/stdin",
+  "dev/stdout",
+  "dev/tcp/",
+  "dev/udp/",
+  "dev/zero",
+  "etc/group",
+  "etc/master.passwd",
+  "etc/passwd",
+  "etc/pwd.db",
+  "etc/shadow",
+  "etc/shells",
+  "etc/spwd.db",
+  "proc/self/",
+  "usr/bin/awk",
+  "usr/bin/base64",
+  "usr/bin/cat",
+  "usr/bin/cc",
+  "usr/bin/clang",
+  "usr/bin/clang++",
+  "usr/bin/curl",
+  "usr/bin/diff",
+  "usr/bin/env",
+  "usr/bin/fetch",
+  "usr/bin/file",
+  "usr/bin/find",
+  "usr/bin/ftp",
+  "usr/bin/gawk",
+  "usr/bin/gcc",
+  "usr/bin/head",
+  "usr/bin/hexdump",
+  "usr/bin/id",
+  "usr/bin/less",
+  "usr/bin/ln",
+  "usr/bin/mkfifo",
+  "usr/bin/more",
+  "usr/bin/nc",
+  "usr/bin/ncat",
+  "usr/bin/nice",
+  "usr/bin/nmap",
+  "usr/bin/perl",
+  "usr/bin/php",
+  "usr/bin/php5",
+  "usr/bin/php7",
+  "usr/bin/php-cgi",
+  "usr/bin/printf",
+  "usr/bin/psed",
+  "usr/bin/python",
+  "usr/bin/python2",
+  "usr/bin/python3",
+  "usr/bin/ruby",
+  "usr/bin/sed",
+  "usr/bin/socat",
+  "usr/bin/tail",
+  "usr/bin/tee",
+  "usr/bin/telnet",
+  "usr/bin/top",
+  "usr/bin/uname",
+  "usr/bin/wget",
+  "usr/bin/who",
+  "usr/bin/whoami",
+  "usr/bin/xargs",
+  "usr/bin/xxd",
+  "usr/bin/yes",
+  "usr/local/bin/bash",
+  "usr/local/bin/curl",
+  "usr/local/bin/ncat",
+  "usr/local/bin/nmap",
+  "usr/local/bin/perl",
+  "usr/local/bin/php",
+  "usr/local/bin/python",
+  "usr/local/bin/python2",
+  "usr/local/bin/python3",
+  "usr/local/bin/rbash",
+  "usr/local/bin/ruby",
+  "usr/local/bin/wget"
+};
+
+/* ********************************** */
+
+/**
+ * [ Windows PowerShell, cmdlets and options ]
+ *
+ * Detect some common PowerShell commands, cmdlets and options.
+ * These commands should be relatively uncommon in normal text, but
+ * potentially useful for code injection.
+ */
+
+static const char *pwsh_commands[] = {
+  "powershell.exe",
+  "Add-BitsFile",
+  "Add-Computer",
+  "Add-Content",
+  "Add-History",
+  "Add-Member",
+  "Add-PSSnapin",
+  "Add-Type",
+  "Checkpoint-Computer",
+  "Clear-Content",
+  "Clear-EventLog",
+  "Clear-History",
+  "Clear-Item",
+  "Clear-ItemProperty",
+  "Clear-Variable",
+  "Compare-Object",
+  "Complete-BitsTransfer",
+  "Complete-Transaction",
+  "Connect-WSMan",
+  "ConvertFrom-CSV",
+  "ConvertFrom-SecureString",
+  "ConvertFrom-StringData",
+  "Convert-Path",
+  "ConvertTo-CSV",
+  "ConvertTo-Html",
+  "ConvertTo-SecureString",
+  "ConvertTo-XML",
+  "Copy-Item",
+  "Copy-ItemProperty",
+  "Debug-Process",
+  "Disable-ComputerRestore",
+  "Disable-PSBreakpoint",
+  "Disable-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Disable-WSManCredSSP",
+  "Disconnect-WSMan",
+  "Enable-ComputerRestore",
+  "Enable-PSBreakpoint",
+  "Enable-PSRemoting",
+  "Enable-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Enable-WSManCredSSP",
+  "Enter-PSSession",
+  "Exit-PSSession",
+  "Export-Alias",
+  "Export-Clixml",
+  "Export-Console",
+  "Export-Counter",
+  "Export-CSV",
+  "Export-FormatData",
+  "Export-ModuleMember",
+  "Export-PSSession",
+  "ForEach-Object",
+  "Format-Custom",
+  "Format-List",
+  "Format-Table",
+  "Format-Wide",
+  "Get-Acl",
+  "Get-Alias",
+  "Get-AppLockerFileInformation",
+  "Get-AppLockerPolicy",
+  "Get-AuthenticodeSignature",
+  "Get-BitsTransfer",
+  "Get-ChildItem",
+  "Get-Command",
+  "Get-ComputerRestorePoint",
+  "Get-Content",
+  "Get-Counter",
+  "Get-Credential",
+  "Get-Culture",
+  "Get-Event",
+  "Get-EventLog",
+  "Get-EventSubscriber",
+  "Get-ExecutionPolicy",
+  "Get-FormatData",
+  "Get-History",
+  "Get-Host",
+  "Get-HotFix",
+  "Get-Item",
+  "Get-ItemProperty",
+  "Get-Job",
+  "Get-Location",
+  "Get-Member",
+  "Get-Module",
+  "Get-PfxCertificate",
+  "Get-Process",
+  "Get-PSBreakpoint",
+  "Get-PSCallStack",
+  "Get-PSDrive",
+  "Get-PSProvider",
+  "Get-PSSession",
+  "Get-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Get-PSSnapin",
+  "Get-Random",
+  "Get-Service",
+  "Get-TraceSource",
+  "Get-Transaction",
+  "Get-TroubleshootingPack",
+  "Get-UICulture",
+  "Get-Unique",
+  "Get-Variable",
+  "Get-WinEvent",
+  "Get-WmiObject",
+  "Get-WSManCredSSP",
+  "Get-WSManInstance",
+  "Group-Object",
+  "Import-Alias",
+  "Import-Clixml",
+  "Import-Counter",
+  "Import-CSV",
+  "Import-LocalizedData",
+  "Import-Module",
+  "Import-PSSession",
+  "Invoke-Command",
+  "Invoke-Expression",
+  "Invoke-History",
+  "Invoke-Item",
+  "Invoke-TroubleshootingPack",
+  "Invoke-WmiMethod",
+  "Invoke-WSManAction",
+  "Join-Path",
+  "Limit-EventLog",
+  "Measure-Command",
+  "Measure-Object",
+  "Move-Item",
+  "Move-ItemProperty",
+  "New-Alias",
+  "New-AppLockerPolicy",
+  "New-Event",
+  "New-EventLog",
+  "New-Item",
+  "New-ItemProperty",
+  "New-Module",
+  "New-ModuleManifest",
+  "New-Object",
+  "New-PSDrive",
+  "New-PSSession",
+  "New-PSSessionOption",
+  "New-Service",
+  "New-TimeSpan",
+  "New-Variable",
+  "New-WebServiceProxy",
+  "New-WSManInstance",
+  "New-WSManSessionOption",
+  "Out-Default",
+  "Out-File",
+  "Out-GridView",
+  "Out-Host",
+  "Out-Null",
+  "Out-Printer",
+  "Out-String",
+  "Pop-Location",
+  "Push-Location",
+  "Read-Host",
+  "Receive-Job",
+  "Register-EngineEvent",
+  "Register-ObjectEvent",
+  "Register-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Register-WmiEvent",
+  "Remove-BitsTransfer",
+  "Remove-Computer",
+  "Remove-Event",
+  "Remove-EventLog",
+  "Remove-Item",
+  "Remove-ItemProperty",
+  "Remove-Job",
+  "Remove-Module",
+  "Remove-PSBreakpoint",
+  "Remove-PSDrive",
+  "Remove-PSSession",
+  "Remove-PSSnapin",
+  "Remove-Variable",
+  "Remove-WmiObject",
+  "Remove-WSManInstance",
+  "Rename-Item",
+  "Rename-ItemProperty",
+  "Reset-ComputerMachinePassword",
+  "Resolve-Path",
+  "Restart-Computer",
+  "Restart-Service",
+  "Restore-Computer",
+  "Resume-BitsTransfer",
+  "Resume-Service",
+  "Select-Object",
+  "Select-String",
+  "Select-XML",
+  "Send-MailMessage",
+  "Set-Acl",
+  "Set-Alias",
+  "Set-AppLockerPolicy",
+  "Set-AuthenticodeSignature",
+  "Set-BitsTransfer",
+  "Set-Content",
+  "Set-Date",
+  "Set-ExecutionPolicy",
+  "Set-Item",
+  "Set-ItemProperty",
+  "Set-Location",
+  "Set-PSBreakpoint",
+  "Set-PSDebug",
+  "Set-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Set-Service",
+  "Set-StrictMode",
+  "Set-TraceSource",
+  "Set-Variable",
+  "Set-WmiInstance",
+  "Set-WSManInstance",
+  "Set-WSManQuickConfig",
+  "Show-EventLog",
+  "Sort-Object",
+  "Split-Path",
+  "Start-BitsTransfer",
+  "Start-Job",
+  "Start-Process",
+  "Start-Service",
+  "Start-Sleep",
+  "Start-Transaction",
+  "Start-Transcript",
+  "Stop-Computer",
+  "Stop-Job",
+  "Stop-Process",
+  "Stop-Service",
+  "Stop-Transcript",
+  "Suspend-BitsTransfer",
+  "Suspend-Service",
+  "Tee-Object",
+  "Test-AppLockerPolicy",
+  "Test-ComputerSecureChannel",
+  "Test-Connection",
+  "Test-ModuleManifest",
+  "Test-Path",
+  "Test-WSMan",
+  "Trace-Command",
+  "Undo-Transaction",
+  "Unregister-Event",
+  "Unregister-PSSessionConfiguration",
+  "Update-FormatData",
+  "Update-List",
+  "Update-TypeData",
+  "Use-Transaction",
+  "Wait-Event",
+  "Wait-Job",
+  "Wait-Process",
+  "Where-Object",
+  "Write-Debug",
+  "Write-Error",
+  "Write-EventLog",
+  "Write-Host",
+  "Write-Output",
+  "Write-Progress",
+  "Write-Verbose",
+  "Write-Warning",
+  "-EncodedCommand",
+  "-ExecutionPolicy",
+  "-PSConsoleFile"
+};
+
+#endif //HAVE_PCRE
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